Which lesions should be removed?

• A. Dysplastic lesions
• B. Benign lesions
• C. Inflamed lesions
• D. Normal tissue

Answer: (A)

Dysplastic lesions are premalignant changes in the oral mucosa, meaning the cells show abnormal architecture that can progress toward cancer if left untreated. Removing these lesions serves two important purposes: it reduces the risk of progression to malignancy and provides a definitive tissue sample for histopathologic diagnosis, guiding appropriate management.

Benign lesions, while not cancerous, are typically left alone unless they cause symptoms, cosmetic concerns, or require biopsy for diagnosis. They don’t carry the same malignant transformation risk as dysplastic changes, so routine removal isn’t warranted solely for cancer prevention.

Inflamed lesions usually reflect reversible irritation or infection. Addressing the underlying inflammation (improved oral hygiene, treatment of infection, or irritant control) often resolves them without removal.

Normal tissue shouldn’t be removed because there’s no indication of pathology or malignant potential. The goal is to preserve healthy mucosa while intervening on lesions with premalignant risk.